Rust and corrosion can ruin a hot water tank. Fortunately, there is a device that is specifically designed to counteract that problem.

What Does an Anode Rod Do?

The anode rod is made of a metal that attracts sediments and oxygen in water. The result is that much of the sedimentation and corrosion affects this rod as opposed to causing damage to the actual water heater tank.

How Does Water Affect the Anode Rod?

Although every hot water heater tank needs an anode rod to help prevent rust and corrosion, in areas with hard water, sedimentation (also called limescale) can build up on the rod. Once a rod is completely encased in this sedimentation, it can no longer do its job of preventing rust and corrosion to the tank itself. A fully sediment-covered anode rod is a useless rod, and your water tank may suffer. Soft water, on the other hand, doesn't cause much sedimentation, so the rod is more likely to be consumed by corrosion and rust.

When Should You Check the Rod?

If you have hot water, you should have the rod checked every year or two to makes sure sedimentation hasn't fully encased the device. In areas with soft water, you will likely need to replace the rod after it is eaten away by rust and corrosion. Some water heaters have an access port that allows you to quickly check the state of the rod. Otherwise, a better option is to schedule an annual maintenance visit from a water heater service company.

Can the Rod Be Replaced?

Fortunately, it is possible to replace anode rods in a water heater tank. You can "unplug" and replace anode rods quickly if your heater has an easy access port. The owner's manual for your heater model will walk you through the process, or you can have a water heater service show you how to perform this simple maintenance task. Generally, it is recommended to have the hot water heater tank flushed at the same time as anode replacement so there is no sedimentation buildup in the tank or on the rod.

Which Type of Rod Should You Choose?

There are two types of anode rods: magnesium and aluminum. Magnesium rods tend to work the best, although in some water types, they produce an odor reminiscent of rotten eggs. Aluminum rods have a longer life, so they are well-suited for use in areas with soft water. 

Contact a water heater service like Quality Plumbing in your area for more help.